Broken spring
When a spring breaks, cables can lose tension and unwind.

Springs and balance
A loose cable beside the door means one side may no longer be supported properly. The door can tilt, jam or fall, so it is important to stop using it and book a technician.
Short answer
Keep the door still, unplug the opener and avoid touching the cable. Loose cables usually follow a broken spring, a door that hit an obstacle or worn drums and brackets. A technician will secure the door, replace the cables and rebalance the system.
When a spring breaks, cables can lose tension and unwind.
A door that hit something can throw a cable off its drum.
Frayed cables and damaged drums slip.
A loose bottom bracket can release the cable. See cable repair.
Cables often come off after something interrupts the door's travel, such as a bin left in the opening or a car bumper touching the door. The opener keeps pushing, the cable goes slack and it unwinds from the drum. Describing what happened just before you noticed the loose cable helps the technician spot related damage. Leave the door closed if it is closed, and if it is open, keep vehicles out from under it until the technician has secured it.
Describe what the door is doing when you call. A provider may ask follow-up questions, but a reliable price normally needs an on-site look rather than a phone-only quote.

On a torsion system, cables wind around drums at each end of the shaft.

Most homes have torsion springs on a shaft above the door or extension springs that run along the horizontal tracks.

Doors usually come off track after a vehicle bump, a broken cable, a worn roller or a misaligned track.
Common causes include a broken spring, the door hitting an obstacle, worn cables or drums and loose bottom brackets.
Yes. The door may not be supported evenly and could fall, twist or jam in the opening. Keep people and vehicles clear until the door is secured.
No. Cables are connected to high-tension springs and should only be handled by a technician.
It may move unevenly, bind or jam partway. Running it can bend tracks and damage the opener, so stop using it until the cable is replaced.
Usually yes. Cables wear at a similar rate, and matching new cables keeps the door level and reduces the chance of the other one failing soon.
Describe whether the door is open or closed, whether it is level and whether you heard a bang.

Call to schedule a technician visit with an independent provider who serves your area.